Tentang manajemen koperasi

Menurut saya perkembangan koperasi di indonesia untuk saat ini cukup baik karena sudah banyak masyarakat di indonesia yang menggunakan koperasi dalam membantu usaha mereka. Seperti halnya para petani yang banyak menggunakan koperasi unit desa sebagai tempat peminjaman modal usaha mereka dan ada juga yang memakai koperasi unit desa sebagai tempat membeli bibit tanaman ataupun pupuk untuk tanaman mereka.

Menurut saya perkembangan koperasi di luar negeri juga cukup signifikan karena mulai banyak yang menggunakan koperasi seperti contoh kutipan artikel berikut :

- USAID mendukung pengembangan koperasi di luar negeri dalam kemitraan dengan organisasi pembangunan US koperasi (CDOs). The CDP is a competitive grant program that responds to the needs of local, host country cooperatives and other member-owned businesses by utilizing the expertise and resources of long-established US cooperative organizations, their members, and volunteers. Para CDP adalah program hibah kompetitif yang merespon kebutuhan lokal, koperasi negara tuan rumah dan bisnis milik anggota lainnya dengan memanfaatkan keahlian dan sumber daya organisasi AS lama terbentuk koperasi, anggota mereka, dan relawan.

Cooperatives (co-ops) are member-owned, democratically-governed enterprises. Koperasi (co-ops) adalah milik anggota, perusahaan-diatur secara demokratis. They allow members to direct and control their own development while directing increased returns to them. Mereka memungkinkan anggota untuk mengarahkan dan mengendalikan pembangunan mereka sendiri sambil mengarahkan kembali meningkat kepada mereka.

The program focuses on developing, implementing and extending workable solutions to key cooperative development challenges, including: Program ini berfokus pada pengembangan, implementasi dan memperluas solusi yang terbaik untuk kunci tantangan pembangunan koperasi, termasuk:

• Restrictive cooperative law and regulation Membatasi koperasi hukum dan peraturan
• Policy-based governance Berbasis kebijakan pemerintahan
• Raising member financial participation as a major element in self-reliance Meningkatkan partisipasi keuangan anggota sebagai elemen utama dalam kemandirian
• Achieving scale consistent with quality Mencapai skala yang konsisten dengan kualitas
• Reducing the dependency that can result from external assistance Mengurangi ketergantungan yang dapat hasil dari bantuan luar

The program's public outreach also helps raise US cooperative and member awareness of international development efforts. pendekatan publik program ini juga membantu meningkatkan kesadaran US koperasi dan anggota dari upaya pembangunan internasional.

Program Purpose and Objectives: Maksud dan Tujuan Program:

• The purpose of the Cooperative Development Organization (CDO) Program is to strengthen the development of cooperative systems overseas by: Tujuan dari Program Pengembangan Koperasi Organization (CDO) adalah untuk memperkuat pengembangan sistem koperasi luar negeri oleh:
• Promoting the growth of cooperative systems in developing and transitional economies Mendorong pertumbuhan sistem koperasi di negara berkembang dan transisi
• Enhancing cooperative performance through technical assistance, training, and advisory services Meningkatkan kinerja koperasi melalui bantuan teknis, pelatihan, dan jasa konsultasi
• Encouraging the establishment of long-term partnerships between US CDOs and host country cooperatives Mendorong pembentukan kemitraan jangka panjang antara US CDOs dan koperasi negara tuan rumah
• Expanding support for international cooperative development activities from US cooperatives and their members Memperluas dukungan untuk internasional kegiatan pengembangan koperasi dari koperasi AS dan anggotanya
• Broadening the US CDO development resource funding base and encourage long-term sustainability of cooperative development activities overseas Memperluas AS CDO pengembangan basis sumber daya pendanaan dan mendorong keberlanjutan jangka panjang dari kegiatan pengembangan koperasi di luar negeri

Current programs focus on credit, housing, agribusiness, technology transfer, democratic institutions, rural telecommunications and electrification, private enterprise development, and insurance protection. Program kini fokus pada kredit, perumahan, agribisnis, transfer teknologi, lembaga-lembaga demokratis, telekomunikasi dan elektrifikasi pedesaan, pengembangan usaha swasta, dan perlindungan asuransi. The current program began in mid-2004 and will end in 2010. A FY2009 Request for Applications will be issued in the fall of 2009. Program saat ini dimulai pada pertengahan tahun 2004 dan akan berakhir pada tahun 2010. Permintaan FY2009 A untuk Aplikasi akan diterbitkan pada musim gugur tahun 2009.

Artikel di atas merupakan salah satu contoh yang menunjukan bahwa koperasi di luar negeri juga sudah berkembang.




sumber : google.com

Manfaat yang dirasakan dengan adanya koperasi sekolah

Koperasi sekolah merupakan salah satu sarana yang ada di dalam sekolah. Koperasi sekolah juga memberikan banyak manfaat kepada para siswa, salah satunya siswa dapat belajar berjualan. Koperasi sekolah juga memberikan banyak keuntungan bagi siswa karena harga barang-barang yang dijual di dalamnya termasuk lebih murah dibanding dengan harga di toko.
Dan manfaat yang saya rasakan sendiri dengan adanya koperasi sekolah adalah saya dapat lebih praktis untuk membeli barang-barang kebutuhan sekolah, karena dibandingkan jika saya membelinya di toko pasti harganya akan lebih mahal jadi lebih baik membeli di koperasi sekolah. Sudah lebih dekat dan harga barang-barang yang dijual di dalamnya pun jauh lebih murah.



Penulis
Richard Arnoldi

Tugas Bhs.Inggris IV Active and Passive voice

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE TENSES CHART
Sumber : English-Zone.com



SIMPLE PRESENT and SIMPLE PAST
The active object becomes the passive subject.
am/is/are + past participle
was/were + past participle Active: Simple Present
The movie fascinates me.
The movie bores Jack.
The movie surprises them. Passive: Simple Present
I am fascinated by the movie.
Jack is bored by the movie.
They are surprised by the movie. Active: Simple Past
The movie bored me.
The movie fascinated Jack.
The movie surprised them. Passive: Simple Past
I was bored by the movie.
Jack was fascinated by the movie.
They were surprisedby the movie.


PRESENT and PAST CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE)
Passive form:
am/is/are + being + past participle
was/were + being + past participle Active: Present Continuous
I am helping Shannon.
June is helping Su and Ling. Passive: Present Continuous
Shannon is being helped by me.
Su and Ling are being helped by June. Active: Past Continuous
I was cleaning the bathroom.
They were cleaning the bedroom.
Susan was cleaning the kitchen and patio. Passive: Past Continuous
The bathroom was being cleaned by me.
The bedroom was being cleaned by them.
The kitchen and patio were being cleaned by Susan.



PRESENT PERFECT, PAST PERFECT and FUTURE PERFECT
Passive form:
have/has been + past participle
had been + past participle Active: Present Perfect
I have mailed the gift.
Jack has mailed the gifts. Passive: Present Perfect
The gift has been mailed by me.
The gifts have been mailed by Jack. Active: Past Perfect
Steven Spielberg had directed the movie.
Penny Marshall had directed those movies. Passive: Past Perfect
The movie had been directed by Steven Spielberg.
The movies had been directed by Penny Marshall. Active: Future Perfect
John will have finished the project next month.
They will have finished the projects before then. Passive: Future Perfect
The project will have been finished by next month.
The projects will have been finished before then.



FUTURE TENSES
Passive forms: will + be + past participle
is/are going to be + past participle Active: Future with WILL
I will mail the gift.
Jack will mail the gifts. Passive: Future with WILL
The gift will be mailed by me.
The gifts will be mailed by Jack. Active: Future with GOING TO
I am going to make the cake.
Sue is going to make two cakes. Passive: Future with GOING TO
The cake is going to be made by me.
Two cakes are going to be made by Sue.



PRESENT / FUTURE MODALS
The passive form follows this pattern:
modal + be + past participle Active: WILL / WON'T (WILL NOT)
Sharon will invite Tom to the party.
Sharon won't invite Jeff to the party.
(Sharon will not invite Jeff to the party.) Passive: WILL / WON'T (WILL NOT)
Tom will be invited to the party by Sharon.
Jeff won't be invited to the party by Sharon.
(Jeff will not be invited to the party by Sharon.) Active: CAN / CAN'T (CAN NOT)
Mai can foretell the future.
Terry can't foretell the future.
(Terry can not foretell the future.) Passive: CAN / CAN'T (CAN NOT)
The future can be foretold by Mai.
The future can't be foretold by Terry.
(The future can not be foretold by Terry.) Active: MAY / MAY NOT
Her company may give Katya a new office.
The lazy students may not do the homework.


MIGHT / MIGHT NOT
Her company might give Katya a new office.
The lazy students might not do the homework. Passive: MAY / MAY NOT
Katya may be given a new office by her company.
The homework may not be done by the lazy students.


MIGHT / MIGHT NOT
Katya might be given a new office by her company.
The homework might not be done by the lazy students. Active: SHOULD / SHOULDN'T
Students should memorize English verbs.
Children shouldn't smoke cigarettes. Passive: SHOULD / SHOULDN'T
English verbs should be memorized by students.
Cigarettes shouldn't be smoked by children. Active: OUGHT TO
Students ought to learn English verbs.
(negative ought to is rarely used) Passive: OUGHT TO
English verbs ought to be memorized by students. Active: HAD BETTER / HAD BETTER NOT
Students had better practice English every day.
Children had better not drink whiskey. Passive: HAD BETTER / HAD BETTER NOT
English had better be practiced every day by students.
Whiskey had better not be drunk by children. Active: MUST / MUST NOT
Tourists must apply for a passport to travel abroad.
Customers must not use that door. Passive: MUST / MUST NOT
A passport to travel abroad must be applied for.
That door must not be used by customers. Active: HAS TO / HAVE TO
She has to practice English every day.
Sara and Miho have to wash the dishes every day.


DOESN'T HAVE TO/ DON'T HAVE TO
Maria doesn't have to clean her bedroom every day.
The children don't have to clean their bedrooms every day. Passive: HAS TO / HAVE TO
English has to be practiced every day.
The dishes have to be washed by them every day.


DOESN'T HAVE TO/ DON'T HAVE TO
Her bedroom doesn't have to be cleaned every day.
Their bedrooms don't have to be cleaned every day. Active: BE SUPPOSED TO
I am supposed to type the composition.
I am not supposed to copy the stories in the book.
Janet is supposed to clean the living room.
She isn't supposed to eat candy and gum.
They are supposed to make dinner for the family.
They aren't supposed to make dessert. Passive: BE SUPPOSED TO
The composition is supposed to be typed by me.
The stories in the book are not supposed to be copied.
The living room is supposed to be cleaned by Janet.
Candy and gum aren't supposed to be eaten by her.
Dinner for the family is supposed to be made by them.
Dessert isn't supposed to be made by them.



PAST MODALS
The past passive form follows this pattern:
modal + have been + past participle Active: SHOULD HAVE / SHOULDN'T HAVE
The students should have learned the verbs.
The children shouldn't have broken the window. Passive: SHOULD HAVE / SHOULDN'T HAVE
The verbs should have been learned by the students.
The window shouldn't have been broken by the children. Active: OUGHT TO
Students ought to have learned the verbs.
(negative ought to is rarely used) Passive: OUGHT TO
The verbs ought to have been learned by the students. Active: BE SUPPOSED TO (past time)
I was supposed to type the composition.
I wasn't supposed to copy the story in the book.
Janet was supposed to clean the living room.
She wasn't supposed to eat candy and gum.
Frank and Jane were supposed to make dinner.
They weren't supposed to make dessert. Passive: BE SUPPOSED TO (past time)
The composition was supposed to be typed by me.
The story in the book wasn't supposed to be copied.
The living room was supposed to be cleaned by Janet.
Candy and gum weren't supposed to be eaten by her.
Dinner was supposed to be made by them.
Dessert wasn't supposed to be made by them. Active: MAY / MAY NOT
That firm may have offered Katya a new job.
The students may not have written the paper.


MIGHT / MIGHT NOT
That firm might have offered Katya a new job.
The students might not have written the paper. Passive: MAY / MAY NOT
Katya may have been offered a new job by that firm.
The paper may not have been written by the students.


MIGHT / MIGHT NOT
Katya might have been offered a new job by that firm.
The paper might not have been written by the students.

10th longest river in the world

10. Lena River in the Continent of Europe (Russia) has a length of 4400 km.

9. Amur River in Europe and Asia has a long 4444 miles.

8. Congo River in Africa has a long 4700 miles.

7. River Ob - Irtysh located in Europe and Asia has a long 5410 miles.

6. Yellow River or Huang Ho in China continent of Asia has a length of 5464 kilometers.

5. Yenisei River - Angara - Selenga was in Russia and Mongolia has a length of 5539 kilometers.

4. Mississippi River - Missouri are in North America has a length of 6275 kilometers.

3. The Yangtze River or Chang Jiang in China has a long country 6300 kilometers.

2. Amazon River in South America has a length of 6400 kilometers.

1. Nile River in Africa has a long 6690 miles

Sumber :
apakabardunia.com

20 richest people in the world

Carlos Slim Helu returned degree version of the world's richest man by Forbes magazine on Wednesday (10 / 3). Total wealth Slim who reach U.S. $ 53.5 billion fortune is beyond Bill Gates and Warren Buffet.

Slim became the first person from outside the United States (U.S.) who led the ranks of world millionaires in the last 16 years. Slim property values that built the telecommunications empire since two decades ago, increased by U.S. $ 18.5 billion a year terakhir.Di second place, there is Bill Gates whose wealth rose U.S. $ 13 billion to U.S. $ 53 billion. Then, in third was the owner of Berkshire Hathaway Inc.., Warren Buffet, with a wealth of up U.S. $ 10 billion to U $ 47 billion.

This is the second time since 1995 Gates did not reach the first ranking, the magazine tersebut.Ranking world's 20 richest people Forbes are:

1. Carlos Slim (Mexico) - 53.5 billion U.S. dollars, telecommunications
2. Bill Gates (USA) - 53 billion, Microsoft
3. Warren Buffett (USA) - U.S. $ 47 billion, Berkshire Hathaway
4. Mukesh Ambani (India) - 29 billion U.S. dollars, Petro chemical, oil and gas.
5. Lakshmi Mittal (India) - 28.7 billion U.S. dollars, Baja.
6. Larry Ellison (USA) - 28 billion, Oracle
7. Bernard Arnault (France) - 27.5 billion U.S. dollars, LVMH
8. Eike Batista (Brazil) - 27 billion U.S. dollars, mining, oil.
9. Amancio Ortega (Spain) - 25 billion U.S. dollars, businessman.
10. Karl Albrecht (Germany) - 23.5 billion U.S. dollars, Supermarkets
11. Ingvar Kamprad & family (Sweden) - 23 billion U.S. dollars, Ikea
12. Christy Walton & family (USA) - 22.5 billion U.S. dollars, Walmart
13. Stefan Persson (Sweden) - 22.4 billion U.S. dollars, Hennes & Mauritz
14. Li Ka-shing (Hong Kong) - 21 billion U.S. dollars, mix-mix
15. Jim Walton (USA) - 20.7 billion U.S. dollars, Walmart
16. Alice Walton (USA) - 20.6 billion U.S. dollars, Walmart
17. Liliane Bettencourt (France) - billion U.S. dollars, L'Oreal
18. S. Robson Walton (USA) - 19.8 billion U.S. dollars, Walmart
19. Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Alsaud (Saudi Arabia) - 19.4 billion U.S. dollars, Investment
20. David Thomson & family (Canada) - $ 19 billion U.S. dollars, news and information company Thomson Reuters.


Source from roabaca.com

Bermuda Triangle

Bermuda Triangle (English: Bermuda Triangle), sometimes called Satan's Triangle is an area of the Atlantic ocean in an area of 1.5 million mil2 or 4 million km2, which formed a line between the Bermuda triangle, the territory of the United Kingdom as a point in the north, Puerto Rico, territorial United States as a point in the south and Miami, the state of Florida, the United States as a point in the west.

Very mysterious Bermuda Triangle. Often there is a paranormal issues in the area stating the reason for the loss of events passing ships. There is also a saying that has become a natural phenomenon that should not be across the region. There's even a saying that it was all caused by aliens.





source from wikipedia.com

Tugas bahasa inggris 3 modal auxiliaries

MODAL AUXILIAIRES

Modal Auxiliaries (Kata kerja bantu modal) atau dengan kata lain, Kata kerja jenis ini adalah kata kerja yang membantu verbs (kata kerja)

Contoh kata kerja tersebut antara lain adalah :

-CAN

-COULD

-SHOULD

-MUST

-MAY

-WOULD

Auxiliary / kata kerja ini diikuti oleh kata kerja dalam bentuk simple.

CONTOH SOAL ATAU KALIMAT :

-Could i borrow your money ?

-Would you please take off your jacket ?

-She may borrow my pen.

-i don't go to school this week

-She doesn't eat anymore